IAS 21 · Workpapers (Step 4 of 5)
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Foreign operation translation file: rates, translation reserve, goodwill, tax and intragroup balances
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- AI-assisted draft
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- Not reviewed — human review required
- Status
- Published
Objective of the workpaper
Enter the operation's statements in its functional currency and the rates given by the case (closing, average, transaction date, historical), let the file translate the items and compute the translation difference as a balancing figure, document the judgement on the average rate, follow the roll-forward of the translation reserve, then prepare the entries and their effect on the financial statements.
10 sections · 58 blocks · 13 calculations · 5 entries
- IAS 21 §38
- IAS 21 §39
- IAS 21 §40
- IAS 21 §41
- IAS 21 §42
- IAS 21 §44
- IAS 21 §47
- IAS 21 §50
- IAS 21 §55
Work this workpaper as a mission
Each case that uses this template opens in the mission workspace: data, analysis, calculation, entries, conclusion and review, with your progress saved.
- Translation of a UK subsidiary: closing rate, average rate, translation reserve and goodwillOpen the mission
- Loan to a US subsidiary: net investment, intragroup balance, separate or consolidated treatment and taxOpen the mission
- Disposal of a foreign operation: loss of control, partial disposal, non-controlling interests and differences accumulated before hyperinflationOpen the mission
- File of a group with foreign operations: functional currency, loan and net investment, non-exchangeable currency, translation, hyperinflation and disposals (IAS 21)Open the mission · Translation of Norvik
- File of a group with foreign operations: functional currency, loan and net investment, non-exchangeable currency, translation, hyperinflation and disposals (IAS 21)Open the mission · Translation of Qadira
5 instances from the cases: the calculations and entries below are run by the calculation engine.
- File and entity
- Translation of a UK subsidiary: closing rate, average rate, translation reserve and goodwill
- Case tasks documented here
- Translate the assets.
- Translate the liabilities.
- Is the average rate acceptable for income and ordinary expenses? Justify.
- Translate the revenue.
- Translate the ordinary expenses.
- Translate the single expense.
- Translate the opening equity.
- Compute the translation difference as a balancing figure.
- Record the translation difference.
- Translate goodwill and the fair value adjustment at the closing rate.
- Compute the translation difference on goodwill and the adjustment.
- Record that difference.
- Check the roll-forward of the translation reserve.
Statements and data
InputsForeign operation: functional currency, interest held and acquisition date
Text
FILIALE_BRITANNIQUE_DETENUE_EN_TOTALITE_EN_LIVRES_STERLING
Presentation currency of the group
Text
EUR
Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
120 %
Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
115 %
Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
118 %
Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
110 %
Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Total assets in the operation's functional currency
Number
1,000,000
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency
Number
300,000
Revenue of the period in functional currency
Number
900,000
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency
Number
600,000
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date
Number
100,000
Opening equity in functional currency
Number
500,000
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency
Number
190,000
Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Number
209,000
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy)
Number
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data)
Number
Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Number
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax
Number
Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Number
Translation reserve: opening balance
Number
0
Translation reserve: closing balance recorded
Number
82,000
Translation difference of the period (net assets)
Number
63,000
Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments
Number
19,000
Net investment difference taken to the reserve
Number
Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct)
Number
Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct)
Number
Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Analysis of the translation
AnalysisIAS 21 §38IAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Points reviewed: translation into the presentation currency
ChecklistRequired
- Presentation currency chosen by the entity; translation if it differs from the functional currency
- Assets and liabilities at the closing rate of each statement of financial position
- Income and expenses at the rates of the transaction dates
- Average rate used as an approximation, judgement on fluctuations (no threshold)
- Translation differences in other comprehensive income, accumulated in a separate component of equity
- Goodwill and fair value adjustments treated as items of the operation and translated at the closing rate
- Differences on intragroup monetary balances kept in consolidated profit or loss, except net investment
- Different reporting date of the operation: adjustments for exchange movements between the dates
- Tax effects of the differences dealt with under IAS 12 (rate given by the case)
- Hyperinflationary economy: amounts restated under IAS 29 then translated at the latest closing rate
Translations and translation difference
CalculationsIAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Assets translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
1,200,000
Total assets in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Liabilities translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
360,000
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Revenue translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
1,035,000
Revenue of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
690,000
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Calculation
118,000
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date ; Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Equity translated at the historical rate
CalculationRequired
550,000
Opening equity in functional currency ; Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
CalculationRequired
63,000
Assets translated at the closing rate ; − Liabilities translated at the closing rate ; − Equity translated at the historical rate ; − Revenue translated at the average rate ; Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate ; Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
228,000
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
CalculationRequired
19,000
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate ; − Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Restated amounts translated at the latest closing rate
CalculationRequired
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy) ; Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
CalculationRequired
0
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data) ; − Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
CalculationRequired
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax ; Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Translation reserve: closing balance recomputed
CalculationRequired
82,000
Translation reserve: opening balance ; Translation reserve: closing balance recorded ; Translation difference of the period (net assets) ; Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments ; Net investment difference taken to the reserve ; − Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct) ; − Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct) ; − Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct) ; − Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Entries
EntriesEntry: translation difference on net assets taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Account Debit Credit Net assets of the foreign operation 63,000 Translation reserve 63,000 Entry: translation difference on goodwill and adjustments
Entry
Account Debit Credit Goodwill 19,000 Translation reserve 19,000 Entry: exchange difference on an intragroup balance kept in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Intragroup receivable ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment) ; Credit Exchange gain ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
Entry: tax effect of the difference taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
Entry: share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry) ; Credit Non-controlling interests ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Judgements
JudgmentIAS 21 §40IAS 21 §42
Average rate or rates at the transaction dates
JudgmentRequired
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation)
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation) / Rates at the transaction dates retained
Professional judgement: an average rate is appropriate only if rates do not fluctuate significantly; no numerical threshold is imposed.
Rationale for the rates chosen
Text
PLAGE_ETROITE_DES_COURS_MENSUELS
Hyperinflationary nature of the functional currency
JudgmentRequired
Currency not hyperinflationary / Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Professional judgement: assessing whether an economy is hyperinflationary falls under IAS 29, outside the scope of this file; no numerical threshold is imposed here.
Rationale for the hyperinflation assessment
Text
Effect on the financial statements
FS impactEffect derived from the entries
Table
Disclosures
DisclosureIAS 21 §55
Points to complete (statements presented in another currency for convenience)
ChecklistRequired
- Information presented as supplementary, distinguished from the information that complies with IFRS
- Presentation currency and functional currency stated
- Translation method stated
Conclusion
ConclusionTranslated statements, difference, reserve roll-forward, entries and judgements submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper and their verification status
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- Judgement on the average rate documentedPass
- Translation difference entry balancedPass
- Recomputed reserve equals recorded reservePass
- Assets
- 82,000
- Liabilities
- 0
- Profit or loss
- 0
- OCI
- 82,000
- Equity
- 82,000
- File and entity
- Loan to a US subsidiary: net investment, intragroup balance, separate or consolidated treatment and tax
- Case tasks documented here
- Compute the exchange difference on the current account.
- Record the current account difference.
- Compute the tax effect of the difference taken to other comprehensive income.
- Record the tax effect.
- Check the roll-forward of the translation reserve.
Statements and data
InputsForeign operation: functional currency, interest held and acquisition date
Text
FILIALE_AMERICAINE_DETENUE_EN_TOTALITE_EN_DOLLARS
Presentation currency of the group
Text
Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Total assets in the operation's functional currency
Number
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency
Number
Revenue of the period in functional currency
Number
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency
Number
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date
Number
Opening equity in functional currency
Number
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency
Number
Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Number
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy)
Number
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data)
Number
285,000
Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Number
270,000
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax
Number
50,000
Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Number
25 %
Translation reserve: opening balance
Number
120,000
Translation reserve: closing balance recorded
Number
237,500
Translation difference of the period (net assets)
Number
80,000
Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments
Number
Net investment difference taken to the reserve
Number
50,000
Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct)
Number
12,500
Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct)
Number
Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Analysis of the translation
AnalysisIAS 21 §38IAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Points reviewed: translation into the presentation currency
ChecklistRequired
- Presentation currency chosen by the entity; translation if it differs from the functional currency
- Assets and liabilities at the closing rate of each statement of financial position
- Income and expenses at the rates of the transaction dates
- Average rate used as an approximation, judgement on fluctuations (no threshold)
- Translation differences in other comprehensive income, accumulated in a separate component of equity
- Goodwill and fair value adjustments treated as items of the operation and translated at the closing rate
- Differences on intragroup monetary balances kept in consolidated profit or loss, except net investment
- Different reporting date of the operation: adjustments for exchange movements between the dates
- Tax effects of the differences dealt with under IAS 12 (rate given by the case)
- Hyperinflationary economy: amounts restated under IAS 29 then translated at the latest closing rate
Translations and translation difference
CalculationsIAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Assets translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total assets in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Liabilities translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Revenue translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Revenue of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Calculation
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date ; Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Equity translated at the historical rate
CalculationRequired
Opening equity in functional currency ; Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
CalculationRequired
Assets translated at the closing rate ; − Liabilities translated at the closing rate ; − Equity translated at the historical rate ; − Revenue translated at the average rate ; Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate ; Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate ; − Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Restated amounts translated at the latest closing rate
CalculationRequired
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy) ; Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
CalculationRequired
15,000
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data) ; − Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
CalculationRequired
12,500
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax ; Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Translation reserve: closing balance recomputed
CalculationRequired
237,500
Translation reserve: opening balance ; Translation reserve: closing balance recorded ; Translation difference of the period (net assets) ; Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments ; Net investment difference taken to the reserve ; − Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct) ; − Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct) ; − Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct) ; − Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Entries
EntriesEntry: translation difference on net assets taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Net assets of the foreign operation ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
Entry: translation difference on goodwill and adjustments
Entry
Debit Goodwill ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
Entry: exchange difference on an intragroup balance kept in profit or loss
Entry
Account Debit Credit Intragroup receivable 15,000 Exchange gain 15,000 Entry: tax effect of the difference taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Account Debit Credit Translation reserve 12,500 Deferred tax liability 12,500 Entry: share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry) ; Credit Non-controlling interests ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Judgements
JudgmentIAS 21 §40IAS 21 §42
Average rate or rates at the transaction dates
JudgmentRequired
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation) / Rates at the transaction dates retained
Professional judgement: an average rate is appropriate only if rates do not fluctuate significantly; no numerical threshold is imposed.
Rationale for the rates chosen
Text
Hyperinflationary nature of the functional currency
JudgmentRequired
Currency not hyperinflationary / Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Professional judgement: assessing whether an economy is hyperinflationary falls under IAS 29, outside the scope of this file; no numerical threshold is imposed here.
Rationale for the hyperinflation assessment
Text
Effect on the financial statements
FS impactEffect derived from the entries
Table
Disclosures
DisclosureIAS 21 §55
Points to complete (statements presented in another currency for convenience)
ChecklistRequired
- Information presented as supplementary, distinguished from the information that complies with IFRS
- Presentation currency and functional currency stated
- Translation method stated
Conclusion
ConclusionTranslated statements, difference, reserve roll-forward, entries and judgements submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper and their verification status
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- Judgement on the average rate documentedNot filled in this instance
- Translation difference entry balancedNot evaluated
- Recomputed reserve equals recorded reservePass
- Assets
- 15,000
- Liabilities
- 12,500
- Profit or loss
- 15,000
- OCI
- -12,500
- Equity
- 2,500
- File and entity
- Disposal of a foreign operation: loss of control, partial disposal, non-controlling interests and differences accumulated before hyperinflation
- Case tasks documented here
- Compute the share of the cumulative difference of Vistula belonging to non-controlling interests.
- Record the allocation of that share.
- Compute the amount reclassified to profit or loss on loss of control.
- Compute the share of the cumulative difference of Caledonia to reattribute.
- Check the roll-forward of the translation reserve.
Statements and data
InputsForeign operation: functional currency, interest held and acquisition date
Text
GROUPE_AVEC_FILIALES_ETRANGERES_ET_PARTICIPATIONS_NE_DONNANT_PAS_LE_CONTROLE
Presentation currency of the group
Text
Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Total assets in the operation's functional currency
Number
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency
Number
Revenue of the period in functional currency
Number
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency
Number
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date
Number
Opening equity in functional currency
Number
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency
Number
Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Number
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy)
Number
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data)
Number
Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Number
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax
Number
Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Number
Translation reserve: opening balance
Number
500,000
Translation reserve: closing balance recorded
Number
323,000
Translation difference of the period (net assets)
Number
50,000
Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments
Number
Net investment difference taken to the reserve
Number
Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct)
Number
Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct)
Number
40,000
Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct)
Number
160,000
Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Number
27,000
Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Number
40,000
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Analysis of the translation
AnalysisIAS 21 §38IAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Points reviewed: translation into the presentation currency
ChecklistRequired
- Presentation currency chosen by the entity; translation if it differs from the functional currency
- Assets and liabilities at the closing rate of each statement of financial position
- Income and expenses at the rates of the transaction dates
- Average rate used as an approximation, judgement on fluctuations (no threshold)
- Translation differences in other comprehensive income, accumulated in a separate component of equity
- Goodwill and fair value adjustments treated as items of the operation and translated at the closing rate
- Differences on intragroup monetary balances kept in consolidated profit or loss, except net investment
- Different reporting date of the operation: adjustments for exchange movements between the dates
- Tax effects of the differences dealt with under IAS 12 (rate given by the case)
- Hyperinflationary economy: amounts restated under IAS 29 then translated at the latest closing rate
Translations and translation difference
CalculationsIAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Assets translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total assets in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Liabilities translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Revenue translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Revenue of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Calculation
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date ; Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Equity translated at the historical rate
CalculationRequired
Opening equity in functional currency ; Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
CalculationRequired
Assets translated at the closing rate ; − Liabilities translated at the closing rate ; − Equity translated at the historical rate ; − Revenue translated at the average rate ; Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate ; Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate ; − Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Restated amounts translated at the latest closing rate
CalculationRequired
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy) ; Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
CalculationRequired
0
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data) ; − Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
CalculationRequired
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax ; Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Translation reserve: closing balance recomputed
CalculationRequired
323,000
Translation reserve: opening balance ; Translation reserve: closing balance recorded ; Translation difference of the period (net assets) ; Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments ; Net investment difference taken to the reserve ; − Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct) ; − Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct) ; − Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct) ; − Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Entries
EntriesEntry: translation difference on net assets taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Net assets of the foreign operation ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
Entry: translation difference on goodwill and adjustments
Entry
Debit Goodwill ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
Entry: exchange difference on an intragroup balance kept in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Intragroup receivable ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment) ; Credit Exchange gain ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
Entry: tax effect of the difference taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
Entry: share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests
Entry
Account Debit Credit Translation reserve 40,000 Non-controlling interests 40,000
Judgements
JudgmentIAS 21 §40IAS 21 §42
Average rate or rates at the transaction dates
JudgmentRequired
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation) / Rates at the transaction dates retained
Professional judgement: an average rate is appropriate only if rates do not fluctuate significantly; no numerical threshold is imposed.
Rationale for the rates chosen
Text
Hyperinflationary nature of the functional currency
JudgmentRequired
Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Currency not hyperinflationary / Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Professional judgement: assessing whether an economy is hyperinflationary falls under IAS 29, outside the scope of this file; no numerical threshold is imposed here.
Rationale for the hyperinflation assessment
Text
ECONOMIE_DEVENUE_HYPERINFLATIONNISTE_EN_COURS_D_EXERCICE_DONNEE_DU_CAS
Effect on the financial statements
FS impactEffect derived from the entries
Table
Disclosures
DisclosureIAS 21 §55
Points to complete (statements presented in another currency for convenience)
ChecklistRequired
- Information presented as supplementary, distinguished from the information that complies with IFRS
- Presentation currency and functional currency stated
- Translation method stated
Conclusion
ConclusionTranslated statements, difference, reserve roll-forward, entries and judgements submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper and their verification status
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- Judgement on the average rate documentedNot filled in this instance
- Translation difference entry balancedNot evaluated
- Recomputed reserve equals recorded reservePass
- Assets
- 0
- Liabilities
- 0
- Profit or loss
- 0
- OCI
- -40,000
- Equity
- 0
- File and entity
- File of a group with foreign operations: functional currency, loan and net investment, non-exchangeable currency, translation, hyperinflation and disposals (IAS 21)
- Case tasks documented here
- Is the average rate acceptable for Norvik? Justify.
- Translate the assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and equity of Norvik.
- Compute the translation difference as a balancing figure.
- Translate goodwill and the adjustment and compute the difference.
- Record the translation differences of Norvik.
- Check the roll-forward of the translation reserve of Norvik.
- Translate the restated net assets of Qadira.
Statements and data
InputsForeign operation: functional currency, interest held and acquisition date
Text
FILIALE_NORVEGIENNE_DETENUE_EN_TOTALITE_EN_NOK
Presentation currency of the group
Text
EUR
Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
9.5 %
Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
9.2 %
Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
9 %
Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Total assets in the operation's functional currency
Number
20,000,000
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency
Number
6,000,000
Revenue of the period in functional currency
Number
30,000,000
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency
Number
27,000,000
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date
Number
Opening equity in functional currency
Number
11,000,000
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency
Number
2,000,000
Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Number
180,000
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy)
Number
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data)
Number
Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Number
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax
Number
Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Number
Translation reserve: opening balance
Number
0
Translation reserve: closing balance recorded
Number
94,000
Translation difference of the period (net assets)
Number
64,000
Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments
Number
10,000
Net investment difference taken to the reserve
Number
20,000
Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct)
Number
Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct)
Number
Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Analysis of the translation
AnalysisIAS 21 §38IAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Points reviewed: translation into the presentation currency
ChecklistRequired
- Presentation currency chosen by the entity; translation if it differs from the functional currency
- Assets and liabilities at the closing rate of each statement of financial position
- Income and expenses at the rates of the transaction dates
- Average rate used as an approximation, judgement on fluctuations (no threshold)
- Translation differences in other comprehensive income, accumulated in a separate component of equity
- Goodwill and fair value adjustments treated as items of the operation and translated at the closing rate
- Differences on intragroup monetary balances kept in consolidated profit or loss, except net investment
- Different reporting date of the operation: adjustments for exchange movements between the dates
- Tax effects of the differences dealt with under IAS 12 (rate given by the case)
- Hyperinflationary economy: amounts restated under IAS 29 then translated at the latest closing rate
Translations and translation difference
CalculationsIAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Assets translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
1,900,000
Total assets in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Liabilities translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
570,000
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Revenue translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
2,760,000
Revenue of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
2,484,000
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Calculation
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date ; Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Equity translated at the historical rate
CalculationRequired
990,000
Opening equity in functional currency ; Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
CalculationRequired
64,000
Assets translated at the closing rate ; − Liabilities translated at the closing rate ; − Equity translated at the historical rate ; − Revenue translated at the average rate ; Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate ; Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
190,000
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
CalculationRequired
10,000
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate ; − Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Restated amounts translated at the latest closing rate
CalculationRequired
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy) ; Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
CalculationRequired
0
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data) ; − Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
CalculationRequired
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax ; Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Translation reserve: closing balance recomputed
CalculationRequired
94,000
Translation reserve: opening balance ; Translation reserve: closing balance recorded ; Translation difference of the period (net assets) ; Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments ; Net investment difference taken to the reserve ; − Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct) ; − Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct) ; − Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct) ; − Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Entries
EntriesEntry: translation difference on net assets taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Account Debit Credit Net assets of the foreign operation 64,000 Translation reserve 64,000 Entry: translation difference on goodwill and adjustments
Entry
Account Debit Credit Goodwill 10,000 Translation reserve 10,000 Entry: exchange difference on an intragroup balance kept in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Intragroup receivable ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment) ; Credit Exchange gain ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
Entry: tax effect of the difference taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
Entry: share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry) ; Credit Non-controlling interests ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Judgements
JudgmentIAS 21 §40IAS 21 §42
Average rate or rates at the transaction dates
JudgmentRequired
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation)
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation) / Rates at the transaction dates retained
Professional judgement: an average rate is appropriate only if rates do not fluctuate significantly; no numerical threshold is imposed.
Rationale for the rates chosen
Text
PLAGE_ETROITE_DES_COURS_MENSUELS
Hyperinflationary nature of the functional currency
JudgmentRequired
Currency not hyperinflationary / Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Professional judgement: assessing whether an economy is hyperinflationary falls under IAS 29, outside the scope of this file; no numerical threshold is imposed here.
Rationale for the hyperinflation assessment
Text
Effect on the financial statements
FS impactEffect derived from the entries
Table
Disclosures
DisclosureIAS 21 §55
Points to complete (statements presented in another currency for convenience)
ChecklistRequired
- Information presented as supplementary, distinguished from the information that complies with IFRS
- Presentation currency and functional currency stated
- Translation method stated
Conclusion
ConclusionTranslated statements, difference, reserve roll-forward, entries and judgements submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper and their verification status
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- Judgement on the average rate documentedPass
- Translation difference entry balancedPass
- Recomputed reserve equals recorded reservePass
- Assets
- 74,000
- Liabilities
- 0
- Profit or loss
- 0
- OCI
- 74,000
- Equity
- 74,000
- File and entity
- File of a group with foreign operations: functional currency, loan and net investment, non-exchangeable currency, translation, hyperinflation and disposals (IAS 21)
- Case tasks documented here
- Is the average rate acceptable for Norvik? Justify.
- Translate the assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and equity of Norvik.
- Compute the translation difference as a balancing figure.
- Translate goodwill and the adjustment and compute the difference.
- Record the translation differences of Norvik.
- Check the roll-forward of the translation reserve of Norvik.
- Translate the restated net assets of Qadira.
Statements and data
InputsForeign operation: functional currency, interest held and acquisition date
Text
FILIALE_EN_ECONOMIE_HYPERINFLATIONNISTE
Presentation currency of the group
Text
Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
0.05 %
Total assets in the operation's functional currency
Number
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency
Number
Revenue of the period in functional currency
Number
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency
Number
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date
Number
Opening equity in functional currency
Number
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency
Number
Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Number
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy)
Number
80,000,000
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data)
Number
Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Number
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax
Number
Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Number
Translation reserve: opening balance
Number
Translation reserve: closing balance recorded
Number
Translation difference of the period (net assets)
Number
Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments
Number
Net investment difference taken to the reserve
Number
Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct)
Number
Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct)
Number
Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Analysis of the translation
AnalysisIAS 21 §38IAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Points reviewed: translation into the presentation currency
ChecklistRequired
- Presentation currency chosen by the entity; translation if it differs from the functional currency
- Assets and liabilities at the closing rate of each statement of financial position
- Income and expenses at the rates of the transaction dates
- Average rate used as an approximation, judgement on fluctuations (no threshold)
- Translation differences in other comprehensive income, accumulated in a separate component of equity
- Goodwill and fair value adjustments treated as items of the operation and translated at the closing rate
- Differences on intragroup monetary balances kept in consolidated profit or loss, except net investment
- Different reporting date of the operation: adjustments for exchange movements between the dates
- Tax effects of the differences dealt with under IAS 12 (rate given by the case)
- Hyperinflationary economy: amounts restated under IAS 29 then translated at the latest closing rate
Translations and translation difference
CalculationsIAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Assets translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total assets in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Liabilities translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Revenue translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Revenue of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Calculation
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date ; Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Equity translated at the historical rate
CalculationRequired
Opening equity in functional currency ; Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
CalculationRequired
Assets translated at the closing rate ; − Liabilities translated at the closing rate ; − Equity translated at the historical rate ; − Revenue translated at the average rate ; Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate ; Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate ; − Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Restated amounts translated at the latest closing rate
CalculationRequired
40,000
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy) ; Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
CalculationRequired
0
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data) ; − Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
CalculationRequired
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax ; Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Translation reserve: closing balance recomputed
CalculationRequired
Translation reserve: opening balance ; Translation reserve: closing balance recorded ; Translation difference of the period (net assets) ; Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments ; Net investment difference taken to the reserve ; − Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct) ; − Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct) ; − Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct) ; − Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Entries
EntriesEntry: translation difference on net assets taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Net assets of the foreign operation ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
Entry: translation difference on goodwill and adjustments
Entry
Debit Goodwill ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
Entry: exchange difference on an intragroup balance kept in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Intragroup receivable ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment) ; Credit Exchange gain ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
Entry: tax effect of the difference taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
Entry: share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry) ; Credit Non-controlling interests ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Judgements
JudgmentIAS 21 §40IAS 21 §42
Average rate or rates at the transaction dates
JudgmentRequired
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation) / Rates at the transaction dates retained
Professional judgement: an average rate is appropriate only if rates do not fluctuate significantly; no numerical threshold is imposed.
Rationale for the rates chosen
Text
Hyperinflationary nature of the functional currency
JudgmentRequired
Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Currency not hyperinflationary / Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Professional judgement: assessing whether an economy is hyperinflationary falls under IAS 29, outside the scope of this file; no numerical threshold is imposed here.
Rationale for the hyperinflation assessment
Text
ECONOMIE_HYPERINFLATIONNISTE_DONNEE_DU_CAS
Effect on the financial statements
FS impactEffect derived from the entries
Table
Disclosures
DisclosureIAS 21 §55
Points to complete (statements presented in another currency for convenience)
ChecklistRequired
- Information presented as supplementary, distinguished from the information that complies with IFRS
- Presentation currency and functional currency stated
- Translation method stated
Conclusion
ConclusionTranslated statements, difference, reserve roll-forward, entries and judgements submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper and their verification status
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- Judgement on the average rate documentedNot filled in this instance
- Translation difference entry balancedNot evaluated
- Recomputed reserve equals recorded reserveNot evaluated
- Assets
- 0
- Liabilities
- 0
- Profit or loss
- 0
- OCI
- 0
- Equity
- 0
Statements and data
InputsForeign operation: functional currency, interest held and acquisition date
Text
Presentation currency of the group
Text
Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Number
Total assets in the operation's functional currency
Number
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency
Number
Revenue of the period in functional currency
Number
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency
Number
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date
Number
Opening equity in functional currency
Number
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency
Number
Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Number
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy)
Number
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data)
Number
Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Number
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax
Number
Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Number
Translation reserve: opening balance
Number
Translation reserve: closing balance recorded
Number
Translation difference of the period (net assets)
Number
Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments
Number
Net investment difference taken to the reserve
Number
Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct)
Number
Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct)
Number
Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Number
Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Analysis of the translation
AnalysisIAS 21 §38IAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Points reviewed: translation into the presentation currency
ChecklistRequired
- Presentation currency chosen by the entity; translation if it differs from the functional currency
- Assets and liabilities at the closing rate of each statement of financial position
- Income and expenses at the rates of the transaction dates
- Average rate used as an approximation, judgement on fluctuations (no threshold)
- Translation differences in other comprehensive income, accumulated in a separate component of equity
- Goodwill and fair value adjustments treated as items of the operation and translated at the closing rate
- Differences on intragroup monetary balances kept in consolidated profit or loss, except net investment
- Different reporting date of the operation: adjustments for exchange movements between the dates
- Tax effects of the differences dealt with under IAS 12 (rate given by the case)
- Hyperinflationary economy: amounts restated under IAS 29 then translated at the latest closing rate
Translations and translation difference
CalculationsIAS 21 §39IAS 21 §40IAS 21 §41IAS 21 §42IAS 21 §44IAS 21 §47IAS 21 §50
Assets translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total assets in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Liabilities translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Total liabilities in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Revenue translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Revenue of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate
CalculationRequired
Ordinary expenses of the period in functional currency ; Average rate of the period given by the case (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Calculation
Single expense to translate at the rate of its date ; Rate of the date of a single transaction (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Equity translated at the historical rate
CalculationRequired
Opening equity in functional currency ; Historical rate for equity (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
CalculationRequired
Assets translated at the closing rate ; − Liabilities translated at the closing rate ; − Equity translated at the historical rate ; − Revenue translated at the average rate ; Ordinary expenses translated at the average rate ; Single expense translated at the rate of its date
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and fair value adjustments in the operation's functional currency ; Closing rate (per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
CalculationRequired
Goodwill and adjustments translated at the closing rate ; − Same amount translated at the acquisition date rate (case data)
Restated amounts translated at the latest closing rate
CalculationRequired
Amount restated under IAS 29 in functional currency (hyperinflationary economy) ; Latest closing rate (hyperinflationary economy; per 100 units of foreign currency: a rate of 0.92 is entered as 92)
Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
CalculationRequired
Intragroup monetary balance translated at the closing rate (case data) ; − Carrying amount of the intragroup balance before the difference
Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
CalculationRequired
Translation or exchange difference subject to tax ; Tax rate given by the case (in %)
Translation reserve: closing balance recomputed
CalculationRequired
Translation reserve: opening balance ; Translation reserve: closing balance recorded ; Translation difference of the period (net assets) ; Translation difference of the period on goodwill and adjustments ; Net investment difference taken to the reserve ; − Tax effect taken to the reserve (to deduct) ; − Share allocated to non-controlling interests (to deduct) ; − Amount reclassified to profit or loss on disposal (to deduct) ; − Share reattributed to non-controlling interests on a partial disposal (to deduct)
Entries
EntriesEntry: translation difference on net assets taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Net assets of the foreign operation ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference as a balancing figure (net assets translated less historical equity and translated result)
Entry: translation difference on goodwill and adjustments
Entry
Debit Goodwill ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date) ; Credit Translation reserve ← Translation difference on goodwill (closing less acquisition date)
Entry: exchange difference on an intragroup balance kept in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Intragroup receivable ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment) ; Credit Exchange gain ← Exchange difference on an intragroup balance (excluding net investment)
Entry: tax effect of the difference taken to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Tax effect on the translation or exchange difference
Entry: share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests
Entry
Debit Translation reserve ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry) ; Credit Non-controlling interests ← Share of the reserve allocated to non-controlling interests (entry)
Judgements
JudgmentIAS 21 §40IAS 21 §42
Average rate or rates at the transaction dates
JudgmentRequired
Average rate retained (no significant fluctuation) / Rates at the transaction dates retained
Professional judgement: an average rate is appropriate only if rates do not fluctuate significantly; no numerical threshold is imposed.
Rationale for the rates chosen
Text
Hyperinflationary nature of the functional currency
JudgmentRequired
Currency not hyperinflationary / Hyperinflationary currency: restatement then latest closing rate
Professional judgement: assessing whether an economy is hyperinflationary falls under IAS 29, outside the scope of this file; no numerical threshold is imposed here.
Rationale for the hyperinflation assessment
Text
Effect on the financial statements
FS impactEffect derived from the entries
Table
Disclosures
DisclosureIAS 21 §55
Points to complete (statements presented in another currency for convenience)
ChecklistRequired
- Information presented as supplementary, distinguished from the information that complies with IFRS
- Presentation currency and functional currency stated
- Translation method stated
Conclusion
ConclusionTranslated statements, difference, reserve roll-forward, entries and judgements submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper and their verification status
References