Workpapers
Workpaper template
Deferred tax measurement and allocation
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- AI-assisted draft
- Reviewed by
- Not reviewed — human review required
- Status
- Published
Objective of the workpaper
Measure deferred tax at the rate expected on reversal and according to the expected manner of recovery, measure the effect of a change in tax rate and allocate it to profit or loss or to other comprehensive income according to the origin of the differences, recognise the deferred tax on a revaluation, the tax consequences of dividends and the effect of a change in tax status, then reconcile the deferred tax expense in profit or loss with the change in balances.
14 sections · 67 blocks · 20 calculations · 9 entries
- IAS 12 §47
- IAS 12 §48
- IAS 12
- IAS 12 §53
- IAS 12 §51
- IAS 12 §51A
- IAS 12 §51B
- IAS 12 §51C
- IAS 12 §20
- IAS 12 §23
- IAS 12 §57
- IAS 12 §58
- IAS 12 §60
- IAS 12 §61A
- IAS 12 §62
- IAS 12 §62A
- IAS 12 §63
- IAS 12
- IAS 12 §52A
- IAS 12 §57A
- IAS 12 §65A
- IAS 12 §81
- IAS 12 §82A
- IAS 12 §87A
- IAS 12 §87B
Work this workpaper as a mission
Each case that uses this template opens in the mission workspace: data, analysis, calculation, entries, conclusion and review, with your progress saved.
- Rate change, revaluation, investment property, dividends and loss of a tax status: measuring and allocating taxOpen the mission · Differences at the standard rate
- Rate change, revaluation, investment property, dividends and loss of a tax status: measuring and allocating taxOpen the mission · Revalued land
- Rate change, revaluation, investment property, dividends and loss of a tax status: measuring and allocating taxOpen the mission · Saint-Abeline warehouse
- Professional file: IFRS tax closing of an international industrial groupOpen the mission · Rate change and dividend
- Professional file: IFRS tax closing of an international industrial groupOpen the mission · Revalued land
5 instances from the cases: the calculations and entries below are run by the calculation engine.
- File and entity
- Rate change, revaluation, investment property, dividends and loss of a tax status: measuring and allocating tax
- Case tasks documented here
- Which rates should be used at 31 December 20X4 for deferred tax? Is the capital gains plan taken into account?
- Calculate the effect of the rate change on the differences measured at the standard rate.
- Split this effect between profit or loss and other comprehensive income.
- Calculate the deferred tax on the revalued land and the revaluation surplus net of tax.
- On which manner of recovery is the deferred tax on the warehouse measured?
- Calculate the deferred tax on the warehouse and the adjustment to the recorded liability.
- Calculate the withholding tax and the net dividend payable to shareholders.
- Analyse the loss of the free-zone status: amount and allocation of the effect.
- Record the entries at 31 December 20X4.
Inputs
InputsTaxable entity, differences concerned, origin (profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity) and event of the period
TextRequired
STANDARD_RATE_CHANGE_DIVIDEND_AND_FREE_ZONE_STATUS
Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Number
30 %
Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Number
25 %
IFRS rule: rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (para. 47). Case data: the rate. If the rate does not change, enter the same rate as at the beginning.
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base)
Number
1,800,000
Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI)
Table
PROFIT_OR_LOSS · 1,200,000 | OCI · 600,000
Input convention: one PROFIT_OR_LOSS row and one OCI row, amounts of the existing differences by origin; their sum equals the existing differences.
Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Choice
Other comprehensive income
Other comprehensive income / Profit or loss
Input convention: choose OCI; the calculation isolates the other comprehensive income portion, the remainder goes to profit or loss.
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the end of the period
Number
Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination)
Number
Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Deferred tax measurement rate
AnalysisIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12IAS 12 §53
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Rate expected in the period of realisation or settlement, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date
- Announcement having the effect of actual enactment: announced rate used
- Graduated rates: average rate expected over the reversal periods
- No discounting of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Expected manner of recovery
AnalysisIAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51C
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use)
Number
Rate applicable to use (%)
Number
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale)
Number
Rate applicable to sale (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Tax consequences of the manner expected, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount
- Rate and tax base consistent with the manner of use or sale
- Revalued non-depreciable asset (IAS 16): consequences of recovery through sale
- Investment property at fair value (IAS 40): rebuttable presumption of recovery through sale
- Presumption rebutted: depreciable property held to consume substantially all its benefits over time
Allocation: profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity
AnalysisIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §23IAS 12 §57IAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §62IAS 12 §62AIAS 12 §63IAS 12
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Tax effects recognised consistently with the transaction or event itself
- Change without a change in the differences (rate, recoverability, manner of recovery): in profit or loss, except the portion relating to items previously outside profit or loss
- Tax in profit or loss, except for a transaction recognised outside profit or loss or a business combination
- Tax relating to an item outside profit or loss, in the same or a different period: same allocation as the item
- Revaluation of property, plant and equipment: item of other comprehensive income
- Items directly in equity: retrospective opening adjustment, equity component of a compound instrument
- Portion outside profit or loss difficult to determine (rate change on items previously outside profit or loss)
- Tax revaluation linked to an accounting revaluation: tax effect in other comprehensive income
Dividends
AnalysisIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §65A
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount)
Number
2,000,000
Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Number
Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Number
10 %
Points examined
Checklist
- Rate depending on distribution: current and deferred tax measured at the rate on undistributed profits
- Tax consequences recognised when the dividend payable is recognised
- Allocation according to where the transactions that generated the distributed profits were recognised
- Withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders: charged to equity as part of the dividend
Change in tax status
AnalysisSIC 25 §1SIC 25 §2SIC 25 §4
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status
Number
100,000
Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Number
40,000
Points examined
Checklist
- Change in the status of the entity or its shareholders (listing, restructuring, transfer)
- Possible immediate effect on current tax; deferred tax changed according to the tax consequences of recovery or settlement
- Effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss
Measurement, rate effects and allocation
CalculationsIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §47IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63IAS 12 §65ASIC 25 §4
Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Calculation
540,000
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate
Calculation
450,000
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
90,000
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
0
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Same teaching assumption as for the decrease: explicit allocation key of the case.
Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
30,000
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Teaching assumption: split in proportion to the differences by origin. The rule (paras. 60 and 61A) requires following the original item; the allocation method in difficult cases (para. 63) is not taught as a rule: the key is an explicit case data.
Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
60,000
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
IFRS rule: difference on an asset revalued without tax adjustment (para. 20), tax allocated like the item, here in other comprehensive income (para. 61A). Case data: recognition of the revaluation in other comprehensive income; revalued land is measured on a sale basis (para. 51B).
Revaluation surplus net of tax
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use) ; Rate applicable to use (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale) ; Rate applicable to sale (%)
Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use ; Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Case data: rates and bases specific to use and to sale. IFRS rule: rate and base consistent with the expected manner (para. 51A).
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
60,000
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
IFRS rule: effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss (SIC-25 para. 4). Teaching assumption: differences arising in profit or loss; otherwise the effect follows the original item.
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Additional tax due to the distribution
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Case data: tax regime for distributions and rate difference. Teaching assumption: distributed profits generated by transactions recognised in profit or loss (para. 57A).
Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
Calculation
200,000
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Net dividend payable to the shareholders
Calculation
1,800,000
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Deferred tax expense of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Summary control, with no entry of its own: change in the net liability (liabilities − assets) less the amounts recognised outside profit or loss (para. 58). The entries above detail its causes.
Deferred tax income of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Journal entries
EntriesRate decrease: reduction of the liability split between profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Entry
Account Debit Credit Deferred tax liability 90,000 Deferred tax income 60,000 Income tax on other comprehensive income 30,000 Rate increase: portion allocated to profit or loss
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Rate increase: portion allocated to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax on the revaluation
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income) ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Deferred tax liability measured according to the manner of recovery
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Teaching assumption: liability arising in the period, with no opening balance; case data: fair value changes of the property recognised in profit or loss. An item outside profit or loss follows the allocation of the item.
Change in status: increase in the liability
Entry
Account Debit Credit Deferred tax expense 60,000 Deferred tax liability 60,000 Change in status: decrease in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Tax consequence of the dividend in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Current tax expense ← Additional tax due to the distribution ; Credit Current tax liability ← Additional tax due to the distribution
Dividend declared and withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders
Entry
Account Debit Credit Retained earnings 2,000,000 Dividends payable 1,800,000 Withholding tax payable 200,000 IFRS rule: withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders is charged to equity as part of the dividend (para. 65A). Case data: withholding rate.
Rate, manner of recovery and allocation
JudgmentIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51CIAS 12 §57IAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63SIC 25 §4
Status of the rate retained at the reporting date
JudgmentRequired
Enacted rate
Enacted rate / Substantively enacted rate / Announced rate not substantively enacted: old rate kept
Professional judgement: substantive enactment assessed according to the legislative process of the jurisdiction of the case (para. 48).
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
FINANCE_ACT_PROMULGATED_BEFORE_CLOSING_PROPOSAL_IGNORED
Manner of recovery retained
JudgmentRequired
Recovery through use
Recovery through use / Recovery through sale / Use then sale (combination) / Sale presumption applied (investment property at fair value) / Sale presumption rebutted
Professional judgement based on the documented intentions and business model; rebuttal of the sale presumption follows the conditions of para. 51C.
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
TOOLING_OFFICE_BUILDING_AND_CENTRE_RECOVERED_THROUGH_USE
Allocation of deferred tax
JudgmentRequired
Split according to the origin of the differences (explicit allocation key of the case)
In profit or loss / In other comprehensive income / Directly in equity / Split according to the origin of the differences (explicit allocation key of the case)
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
PRO_RATA_BY_ORIGIN_OF_DIFFERENCES
Conclusion
ConclusionMeasurement and allocation finalised, deferred tax expense in profit or loss and points submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Financial statement impact
FS impactImpact by caption, derived from the entries above (the Notes line refers to the disclosures)
TableRequired
Items passed on to the note
DisclosureIAS 12 §81IAS 12 §82AIAS 12 §87AIAS 12 §87B
Information prepared
ChecklistRequired
- Tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income
- Explanation of changes in the applicable tax rate compared with the previous period
- Deferred tax recognised in profit or loss, by type of difference
- Tax consequences of dividends proposed or declared before authorisation for issue, not recognised
- Rate depending on distribution: nature of the potential tax consequences, features of the regime and determinable amounts
- Total amount impracticable: readily determinable portions disclosed
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper (verification status shown from the register)
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- The status of the rate is documentedPass
- The manner of recovery is documentedPass
- The allocation is documentedPass
- The decrease is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomePass
- The increase is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomePass
- Increase in value = deferred tax + net revaluation surplusNot evaluated
- The rate decrease entry balancesPass
- The rate increase entry (profit or loss) balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (other comprehensive income) balancesNot evaluated
- The revaluation entry balancesNot evaluated
- The manner of recovery entry balancesNot evaluated
- The increase entry (status) balancesPass
- The decrease entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend tax consequence entry balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend and withholding entry balancesPass
- Assets
- 0
- Liabilities
- 1,970,000
- Profit or loss
- 0
- OCI
- 30,000
- Equity
- -1,970,000
- File and entity
- Rate change, revaluation, investment property, dividends and loss of a tax status: measuring and allocating tax
- Case tasks documented here
- Which rates should be used at 31 December 20X4 for deferred tax? Is the capital gains plan taken into account?
- Calculate the effect of the rate change on the differences measured at the standard rate.
- Split this effect between profit or loss and other comprehensive income.
- Calculate the deferred tax on the revalued land and the revaluation surplus net of tax.
- On which manner of recovery is the deferred tax on the warehouse measured?
- Calculate the deferred tax on the warehouse and the adjustment to the recorded liability.
- Calculate the withholding tax and the net dividend payable to shareholders.
- Analyse the loss of the free-zone status: amount and allocation of the effect.
- Record the entries at 31 December 20X4.
Inputs
InputsTaxable entity, differences concerned, origin (profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity) and event of the period
TextRequired
NON_DEPRECIABLE_LAND_REVALUED_IN_OCI
Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Number
Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Number
15 %
IFRS rule: rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (para. 47). Case data: the rate. If the rate does not change, enter the same rate as at the beginning.
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base)
Number
Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI)
Table
Input convention: one PROFIT_OR_LOSS row and one OCI row, amounts of the existing differences by origin; their sum equals the existing differences.
Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Choice
Other comprehensive income / Profit or loss
Input convention: choose OCI; the calculation isolates the other comprehensive income portion, the remainder goes to profit or loss.
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment
Number
800,000
Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the end of the period
Number
Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination)
Number
Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Deferred tax measurement rate
AnalysisIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12IAS 12 §53
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Rate expected in the period of realisation or settlement, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date
- Announcement having the effect of actual enactment: announced rate used
- Graduated rates: average rate expected over the reversal periods
- No discounting of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Expected manner of recovery
AnalysisIAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51C
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use)
Number
Rate applicable to use (%)
Number
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale)
Number
Rate applicable to sale (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Tax consequences of the manner expected, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount
- Rate and tax base consistent with the manner of use or sale
- Revalued non-depreciable asset (IAS 16): consequences of recovery through sale
- Investment property at fair value (IAS 40): rebuttable presumption of recovery through sale
- Presumption rebutted: depreciable property held to consume substantially all its benefits over time
Allocation: profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity
AnalysisIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §23IAS 12 §57IAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §62IAS 12 §62AIAS 12 §63IAS 12
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Tax effects recognised consistently with the transaction or event itself
- Change without a change in the differences (rate, recoverability, manner of recovery): in profit or loss, except the portion relating to items previously outside profit or loss
- Tax in profit or loss, except for a transaction recognised outside profit or loss or a business combination
- Tax relating to an item outside profit or loss, in the same or a different period: same allocation as the item
- Revaluation of property, plant and equipment: item of other comprehensive income
- Items directly in equity: retrospective opening adjustment, equity component of a compound instrument
- Portion outside profit or loss difficult to determine (rate change on items previously outside profit or loss)
- Tax revaluation linked to an accounting revaluation: tax effect in other comprehensive income
Dividends
AnalysisIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §65A
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount)
Number
Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Number
Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Rate depending on distribution: current and deferred tax measured at the rate on undistributed profits
- Tax consequences recognised when the dividend payable is recognised
- Allocation according to where the transactions that generated the distributed profits were recognised
- Withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders: charged to equity as part of the dividend
Change in tax status
AnalysisSIC 25 §1SIC 25 §2SIC 25 §4
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status
Number
Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Change in the status of the entity or its shareholders (listing, restructuring, transfer)
- Possible immediate effect on current tax; deferred tax changed according to the tax consequences of recovery or settlement
- Effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss
Measurement, rate effects and allocation
CalculationsIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §47IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63IAS 12 §65ASIC 25 §4
Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Same teaching assumption as for the decrease: explicit allocation key of the case.
Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Teaching assumption: split in proportion to the differences by origin. The rule (paras. 60 and 61A) requires following the original item; the allocation method in difficult cases (para. 63) is not taught as a rule: the key is an explicit case data.
Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Calculation
120,000
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
IFRS rule: difference on an asset revalued without tax adjustment (para. 20), tax allocated like the item, here in other comprehensive income (para. 61A). Case data: recognition of the revaluation in other comprehensive income; revalued land is measured on a sale basis (para. 51B).
Revaluation surplus net of tax
Calculation
680,000
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use) ; Rate applicable to use (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale) ; Rate applicable to sale (%)
Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use ; Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Case data: rates and bases specific to use and to sale. IFRS rule: rate and base consistent with the expected manner (para. 51A).
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
IFRS rule: effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss (SIC-25 para. 4). Teaching assumption: differences arising in profit or loss; otherwise the effect follows the original item.
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Additional tax due to the distribution
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Case data: tax regime for distributions and rate difference. Teaching assumption: distributed profits generated by transactions recognised in profit or loss (para. 57A).
Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Net dividend payable to the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Deferred tax expense of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Summary control, with no entry of its own: change in the net liability (liabilities − assets) less the amounts recognised outside profit or loss (para. 58). The entries above detail its causes.
Deferred tax income of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Journal entries
EntriesRate decrease: reduction of the liability split between profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Rate increase: portion allocated to profit or loss
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Rate increase: portion allocated to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax on the revaluation
Entry
Account Debit Credit Income tax on other comprehensive income 120,000 Deferred tax liability 120,000 Deferred tax liability measured according to the manner of recovery
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Teaching assumption: liability arising in the period, with no opening balance; case data: fair value changes of the property recognised in profit or loss. An item outside profit or loss follows the allocation of the item.
Change in status: increase in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Change in status: decrease in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Tax consequence of the dividend in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Current tax expense ← Additional tax due to the distribution ; Credit Current tax liability ← Additional tax due to the distribution
Dividend declared and withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders
Entry
Debit Retained earnings ← Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Credit Dividends payable ← Net dividend payable to the shareholders ; Credit Withholding tax payable ← Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
IFRS rule: withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders is charged to equity as part of the dividend (para. 65A). Case data: withholding rate.
Rate, manner of recovery and allocation
JudgmentIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51CIAS 12 §57IAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63SIC 25 §4
Status of the rate retained at the reporting date
JudgmentRequired
Enacted rate
Enacted rate / Substantively enacted rate / Announced rate not substantively enacted: old rate kept
Professional judgement: substantive enactment assessed according to the legislative process of the jurisdiction of the case (para. 48).
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
CAPITAL_GAINS_RATE_UNCHANGED_PROPOSAL_NOT_SUBSTANTIVELY_ENACTED
Manner of recovery retained
JudgmentRequired
Recovery through sale
Recovery through use / Recovery through sale / Use then sale (combination) / Sale presumption applied (investment property at fair value) / Sale presumption rebutted
Professional judgement based on the documented intentions and business model; rebuttal of the sale presumption follows the conditions of para. 51C.
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
NON_DEPRECIABLE_REVALUED_ASSET_RECOVERED_THROUGH_SALE
Allocation of deferred tax
JudgmentRequired
In other comprehensive income
In profit or loss / In other comprehensive income / Directly in equity / Split according to the origin of the differences (explicit allocation key of the case)
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
REVALUATION_RECOGNISED_IN_OCI
Conclusion
ConclusionMeasurement and allocation finalised, deferred tax expense in profit or loss and points submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Financial statement impact
FS impactImpact by caption, derived from the entries above (the Notes line refers to the disclosures)
TableRequired
Items passed on to the note
DisclosureIAS 12 §81IAS 12 §82AIAS 12 §87AIAS 12 §87B
Information prepared
ChecklistRequired
- Tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income
- Explanation of changes in the applicable tax rate compared with the previous period
- Deferred tax recognised in profit or loss, by type of difference
- Tax consequences of dividends proposed or declared before authorisation for issue, not recognised
- Rate depending on distribution: nature of the potential tax consequences, features of the regime and determinable amounts
- Total amount impracticable: readily determinable portions disclosed
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper (verification status shown from the register)
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- The status of the rate is documentedPass
- The manner of recovery is documentedPass
- The allocation is documentedPass
- The decrease is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomeNot evaluated
- The increase is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomeNot evaluated
- Increase in value = deferred tax + net revaluation surplusPass
- The rate decrease entry balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (profit or loss) balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (other comprehensive income) balancesNot evaluated
- The revaluation entry balancesPass
- The manner of recovery entry balancesNot evaluated
- The increase entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The decrease entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend tax consequence entry balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend and withholding entry balancesNot evaluated
- Assets
- 0
- Liabilities
- 120,000
- Profit or loss
- 0
- OCI
- -120,000
- Equity
- -120,000
- File and entity
- Rate change, revaluation, investment property, dividends and loss of a tax status: measuring and allocating tax
- Case tasks documented here
- Which rates should be used at 31 December 20X4 for deferred tax? Is the capital gains plan taken into account?
- Calculate the effect of the rate change on the differences measured at the standard rate.
- Split this effect between profit or loss and other comprehensive income.
- Calculate the deferred tax on the revalued land and the revaluation surplus net of tax.
- On which manner of recovery is the deferred tax on the warehouse measured?
- Calculate the deferred tax on the warehouse and the adjustment to the recorded liability.
- Calculate the withholding tax and the net dividend payable to shareholders.
- Analyse the loss of the free-zone status: amount and allocation of the effect.
- Record the entries at 31 December 20X4.
Inputs
InputsTaxable entity, differences concerned, origin (profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity) and event of the period
TextRequired
INVESTMENT_PROPERTY_AT_FAIR_VALUE
Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Number
Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Number
IFRS rule: rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (para. 47). Case data: the rate. If the rate does not change, enter the same rate as at the beginning.
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base)
Number
Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI)
Table
Input convention: one PROFIT_OR_LOSS row and one OCI row, amounts of the existing differences by origin; their sum equals the existing differences.
Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Choice
Other comprehensive income / Profit or loss
Input convention: choose OCI; the calculation isolates the other comprehensive income portion, the remainder goes to profit or loss.
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period
Number
325,000
Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period
Number
255,000
Deferred tax assets at the end of the period
Number
Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination)
Number
Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Deferred tax measurement rate
AnalysisIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12IAS 12 §53
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Rate expected in the period of realisation or settlement, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date
- Announcement having the effect of actual enactment: announced rate used
- Graduated rates: average rate expected over the reversal periods
- No discounting of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Expected manner of recovery
AnalysisIAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51C
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use)
Number
600,000
Rate applicable to use (%)
Number
25 %
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale)
Number
700,000
Rate applicable to sale (%)
Number
15 %
Points examined
Checklist
- Tax consequences of the manner expected, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount
- Rate and tax base consistent with the manner of use or sale
- Revalued non-depreciable asset (IAS 16): consequences of recovery through sale
- Investment property at fair value (IAS 40): rebuttable presumption of recovery through sale
- Presumption rebutted: depreciable property held to consume substantially all its benefits over time
Allocation: profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity
AnalysisIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §23IAS 12 §57IAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §62IAS 12 §62AIAS 12 §63IAS 12
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Tax effects recognised consistently with the transaction or event itself
- Change without a change in the differences (rate, recoverability, manner of recovery): in profit or loss, except the portion relating to items previously outside profit or loss
- Tax in profit or loss, except for a transaction recognised outside profit or loss or a business combination
- Tax relating to an item outside profit or loss, in the same or a different period: same allocation as the item
- Revaluation of property, plant and equipment: item of other comprehensive income
- Items directly in equity: retrospective opening adjustment, equity component of a compound instrument
- Portion outside profit or loss difficult to determine (rate change on items previously outside profit or loss)
- Tax revaluation linked to an accounting revaluation: tax effect in other comprehensive income
Dividends
AnalysisIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §65A
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount)
Number
Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Number
Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Rate depending on distribution: current and deferred tax measured at the rate on undistributed profits
- Tax consequences recognised when the dividend payable is recognised
- Allocation according to where the transactions that generated the distributed profits were recognised
- Withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders: charged to equity as part of the dividend
Change in tax status
AnalysisSIC 25 §1SIC 25 §2SIC 25 §4
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status
Number
Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Change in the status of the entity or its shareholders (listing, restructuring, transfer)
- Possible immediate effect on current tax; deferred tax changed according to the tax consequences of recovery or settlement
- Effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss
Measurement, rate effects and allocation
CalculationsIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §47IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63IAS 12 §65ASIC 25 §4
Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Same teaching assumption as for the decrease: explicit allocation key of the case.
Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Teaching assumption: split in proportion to the differences by origin. The rule (paras. 60 and 61A) requires following the original item; the allocation method in difficult cases (para. 63) is not taught as a rule: the key is an explicit case data.
Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
IFRS rule: difference on an asset revalued without tax adjustment (para. 20), tax allocated like the item, here in other comprehensive income (para. 61A). Case data: recognition of the revaluation in other comprehensive income; revalued land is measured on a sale basis (para. 51B).
Revaluation surplus net of tax
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use
Calculation
150,000
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use) ; Rate applicable to use (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Calculation
105,000
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale) ; Rate applicable to sale (%)
Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Calculation
255,000
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use ; Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Case data: rates and bases specific to use and to sale. IFRS rule: rate and base consistent with the expected manner (para. 51A).
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
IFRS rule: effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss (SIC-25 para. 4). Teaching assumption: differences arising in profit or loss; otherwise the effect follows the original item.
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Additional tax due to the distribution
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Case data: tax regime for distributions and rate difference. Teaching assumption: distributed profits generated by transactions recognised in profit or loss (para. 57A).
Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Net dividend payable to the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Deferred tax expense of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Summary control, with no entry of its own: change in the net liability (liabilities − assets) less the amounts recognised outside profit or loss (para. 58). The entries above detail its causes.
Deferred tax income of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
70,000
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Journal entries
EntriesRate decrease: reduction of the liability split between profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Rate increase: portion allocated to profit or loss
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Rate increase: portion allocated to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax on the revaluation
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income) ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Deferred tax liability measured according to the manner of recovery
Entry
Account Debit Credit Deferred tax expense 255,000 Deferred tax liability 255,000 Teaching assumption: liability arising in the period, with no opening balance; case data: fair value changes of the property recognised in profit or loss. An item outside profit or loss follows the allocation of the item.
Change in status: increase in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Change in status: decrease in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Tax consequence of the dividend in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Current tax expense ← Additional tax due to the distribution ; Credit Current tax liability ← Additional tax due to the distribution
Dividend declared and withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders
Entry
Debit Retained earnings ← Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Credit Dividends payable ← Net dividend payable to the shareholders ; Credit Withholding tax payable ← Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
IFRS rule: withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders is charged to equity as part of the dividend (para. 65A). Case data: withholding rate.
Rate, manner of recovery and allocation
JudgmentIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51CIAS 12 §57IAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63SIC 25 §4
Status of the rate retained at the reporting date
JudgmentRequired
Enacted rate
Enacted rate / Substantively enacted rate / Announced rate not substantively enacted: old rate kept
Professional judgement: substantive enactment assessed according to the legislative process of the jurisdiction of the case (para. 48).
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
STANDARD_RATE_ON_CLAWBACK_CAPITAL_GAINS_RATE_ON_GAIN
Manner of recovery retained
JudgmentRequired
Sale presumption applied (investment property at fair value)
Recovery through use / Recovery through sale / Use then sale (combination) / Sale presumption applied (investment property at fair value) / Sale presumption rebutted
Professional judgement based on the documented intentions and business model; rebuttal of the sale presumption follows the conditions of para. 51C.
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
NO_CONSUMPTION_BUSINESS_MODEL_RESALE_PLANNED
Allocation of deferred tax
JudgmentRequired
In profit or loss
In profit or loss / In other comprehensive income / Directly in equity / Split according to the origin of the differences (explicit allocation key of the case)
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
FAIR_VALUE_CHANGES_IN_PROFIT_OR_LOSS
Conclusion
ConclusionMeasurement and allocation finalised, deferred tax expense in profit or loss and points submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Financial statement impact
FS impactImpact by caption, derived from the entries above (the Notes line refers to the disclosures)
TableRequired
Items passed on to the note
DisclosureIAS 12 §81IAS 12 §82AIAS 12 §87AIAS 12 §87B
Information prepared
ChecklistRequired
- Tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income
- Explanation of changes in the applicable tax rate compared with the previous period
- Deferred tax recognised in profit or loss, by type of difference
- Tax consequences of dividends proposed or declared before authorisation for issue, not recognised
- Rate depending on distribution: nature of the potential tax consequences, features of the regime and determinable amounts
- Total amount impracticable: readily determinable portions disclosed
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper (verification status shown from the register)
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- The status of the rate is documentedPass
- The manner of recovery is documentedPass
- The allocation is documentedPass
- The decrease is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomeNot evaluated
- The increase is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomeNot evaluated
- Increase in value = deferred tax + net revaluation surplusNot evaluated
- The rate decrease entry balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (profit or loss) balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (other comprehensive income) balancesNot evaluated
- The revaluation entry balancesNot evaluated
- The manner of recovery entry balancesPass
- The increase entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The decrease entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend tax consequence entry balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend and withholding entry balancesNot evaluated
- Assets
- 0
- Liabilities
- 255,000
- Profit or loss
- -255,000
- OCI
- 0
- Equity
- -255,000
- File and entity
- Professional file: IFRS tax closing of an international industrial group
- Case tasks documented here
- Calculate the effects of the rate change and the deferred tax on the revalued land.
- Deal with the dividend declared by Valdrise SA.
- Record the closing entries.
Inputs
InputsTaxable entity, differences concerned, origin (profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity) and event of the period
TextRequired
LUSTRANIAN_RATE_CUT_AND_DIVIDEND_DECLARED
Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Number
25 %
Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Number
22 %
IFRS rule: rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (para. 47). Case data: the rate. If the rate does not change, enter the same rate as at the beginning.
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base)
Number
2,000,000
Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI)
Table
PROFIT_OR_LOSS · 2,000,000 | OCI · 0
Input convention: one PROFIT_OR_LOSS row and one OCI row, amounts of the existing differences by origin; their sum equals the existing differences.
Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Choice
Other comprehensive income
Other comprehensive income / Profit or loss
Input convention: choose OCI; the calculation isolates the other comprehensive income portion, the remainder goes to profit or loss.
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the end of the period
Number
Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination)
Number
Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Deferred tax measurement rate
AnalysisIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12IAS 12 §53
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Rate expected in the period of realisation or settlement, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date
- Announcement having the effect of actual enactment: announced rate used
- Graduated rates: average rate expected over the reversal periods
- No discounting of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Expected manner of recovery
AnalysisIAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51C
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use)
Number
Rate applicable to use (%)
Number
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale)
Number
Rate applicable to sale (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Tax consequences of the manner expected, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount
- Rate and tax base consistent with the manner of use or sale
- Revalued non-depreciable asset (IAS 16): consequences of recovery through sale
- Investment property at fair value (IAS 40): rebuttable presumption of recovery through sale
- Presumption rebutted: depreciable property held to consume substantially all its benefits over time
Allocation: profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity
AnalysisIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §23IAS 12 §57IAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §62IAS 12 §62AIAS 12 §63IAS 12
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Tax effects recognised consistently with the transaction or event itself
- Change without a change in the differences (rate, recoverability, manner of recovery): in profit or loss, except the portion relating to items previously outside profit or loss
- Tax in profit or loss, except for a transaction recognised outside profit or loss or a business combination
- Tax relating to an item outside profit or loss, in the same or a different period: same allocation as the item
- Revaluation of property, plant and equipment: item of other comprehensive income
- Items directly in equity: retrospective opening adjustment, equity component of a compound instrument
- Portion outside profit or loss difficult to determine (rate change on items previously outside profit or loss)
- Tax revaluation linked to an accounting revaluation: tax effect in other comprehensive income
Dividends
AnalysisIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §65A
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount)
Number
3,000,000
Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Number
Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Number
10 %
Points examined
Checklist
- Rate depending on distribution: current and deferred tax measured at the rate on undistributed profits
- Tax consequences recognised when the dividend payable is recognised
- Allocation according to where the transactions that generated the distributed profits were recognised
- Withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders: charged to equity as part of the dividend
Change in tax status
AnalysisSIC 25 §1SIC 25 §2SIC 25 §4
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status
Number
Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Change in the status of the entity or its shareholders (listing, restructuring, transfer)
- Possible immediate effect on current tax; deferred tax changed according to the tax consequences of recovery or settlement
- Effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss
Measurement, rate effects and allocation
CalculationsIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §47IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63IAS 12 §65ASIC 25 §4
Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Calculation
500,000
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate
Calculation
440,000
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
60,000
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
0
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Same teaching assumption as for the decrease: explicit allocation key of the case.
Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
0
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Teaching assumption: split in proportion to the differences by origin. The rule (paras. 60 and 61A) requires following the original item; the allocation method in difficult cases (para. 63) is not taught as a rule: the key is an explicit case data.
Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
60,000
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
IFRS rule: difference on an asset revalued without tax adjustment (para. 20), tax allocated like the item, here in other comprehensive income (para. 61A). Case data: recognition of the revaluation in other comprehensive income; revalued land is measured on a sale basis (para. 51B).
Revaluation surplus net of tax
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use) ; Rate applicable to use (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale) ; Rate applicable to sale (%)
Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use ; Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Case data: rates and bases specific to use and to sale. IFRS rule: rate and base consistent with the expected manner (para. 51A).
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
IFRS rule: effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss (SIC-25 para. 4). Teaching assumption: differences arising in profit or loss; otherwise the effect follows the original item.
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Additional tax due to the distribution
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Case data: tax regime for distributions and rate difference. Teaching assumption: distributed profits generated by transactions recognised in profit or loss (para. 57A).
Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
Calculation
300,000
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Net dividend payable to the shareholders
Calculation
2,700,000
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Deferred tax expense of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Summary control, with no entry of its own: change in the net liability (liabilities − assets) less the amounts recognised outside profit or loss (para. 58). The entries above detail its causes.
Deferred tax income of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Journal entries
EntriesRate decrease: reduction of the liability split between profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Entry
Account Debit Credit Deferred tax liability 60,000 Deferred tax income 60,000 Rate increase: portion allocated to profit or loss
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Rate increase: portion allocated to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax on the revaluation
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income) ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Deferred tax liability measured according to the manner of recovery
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Teaching assumption: liability arising in the period, with no opening balance; case data: fair value changes of the property recognised in profit or loss. An item outside profit or loss follows the allocation of the item.
Change in status: increase in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Change in status: decrease in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Tax consequence of the dividend in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Current tax expense ← Additional tax due to the distribution ; Credit Current tax liability ← Additional tax due to the distribution
Dividend declared and withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders
Entry
Account Debit Credit Retained earnings 3,000,000 Dividends payable 2,700,000 Withholding tax payable 300,000 IFRS rule: withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders is charged to equity as part of the dividend (para. 65A). Case data: withholding rate.
Rate, manner of recovery and allocation
JudgmentIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51CIAS 12 §57IAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63SIC 25 §4
Status of the rate retained at the reporting date
JudgmentRequired
Enacted rate
Enacted rate / Substantively enacted rate / Announced rate not substantively enacted: old rate kept
Professional judgement: substantive enactment assessed according to the legislative process of the jurisdiction of the case (para. 48).
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
LAW_PROMULGATED_12_DECEMBER_20X7
Manner of recovery retained
JudgmentRequired
Recovery through use
Recovery through use / Recovery through sale / Use then sale (combination) / Sale presumption applied (investment property at fair value) / Sale presumption rebutted
Professional judgement based on the documented intentions and business model; rebuttal of the sale presumption follows the conditions of para. 51C.
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
PLANT_RECOVERED_THROUGH_USE
Allocation of deferred tax
JudgmentRequired
In profit or loss
In profit or loss / In other comprehensive income / Directly in equity / Split according to the origin of the differences (explicit allocation key of the case)
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
DIFFERENCES_ARISEN_IN_PROFIT_OR_LOSS
Conclusion
ConclusionMeasurement and allocation finalised, deferred tax expense in profit or loss and points submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Financial statement impact
FS impactImpact by caption, derived from the entries above (the Notes line refers to the disclosures)
TableRequired
Items passed on to the note
DisclosureIAS 12 §81IAS 12 §82AIAS 12 §87AIAS 12 §87B
Information prepared
ChecklistRequired
- Tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income
- Explanation of changes in the applicable tax rate compared with the previous period
- Deferred tax recognised in profit or loss, by type of difference
- Tax consequences of dividends proposed or declared before authorisation for issue, not recognised
- Rate depending on distribution: nature of the potential tax consequences, features of the regime and determinable amounts
- Total amount impracticable: readily determinable portions disclosed
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper (verification status shown from the register)
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- The status of the rate is documentedPass
- The manner of recovery is documentedPass
- The allocation is documentedPass
- The decrease is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomePass
- The increase is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomePass
- Increase in value = deferred tax + net revaluation surplusNot evaluated
- The rate decrease entry balancesPass
- The rate increase entry (profit or loss) balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (other comprehensive income) balancesNot evaluated
- The revaluation entry balancesNot evaluated
- The manner of recovery entry balancesNot evaluated
- The increase entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The decrease entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend tax consequence entry balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend and withholding entry balancesPass
- Assets
- 0
- Liabilities
- 2,940,000
- Profit or loss
- 60,000
- OCI
- 0
- Equity
- -2,940,000
- File and entity
- Professional file: IFRS tax closing of an international industrial group
- Case tasks documented here
- Calculate the effects of the rate change and the deferred tax on the revalued land.
- Deal with the dividend declared by Valdrise SA.
- Record the closing entries.
Inputs
InputsTaxable entity, differences concerned, origin (profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity) and event of the period
TextRequired
NON_DEPRECIABLE_LAND_REVALUED_IN_OCI
Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Number
Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Number
15 %
IFRS rule: rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (para. 47). Case data: the rate. If the rate does not change, enter the same rate as at the beginning.
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base)
Number
Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI)
Table
Input convention: one PROFIT_OR_LOSS row and one OCI row, amounts of the existing differences by origin; their sum equals the existing differences.
Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Choice
Other comprehensive income / Profit or loss
Input convention: choose OCI; the calculation isolates the other comprehensive income portion, the remainder goes to profit or loss.
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment
Number
1,000,000
Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the end of the period
Number
Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination)
Number
Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Deferred tax measurement rate
AnalysisIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12IAS 12 §53
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Rate expected in the period of realisation or settlement, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date
- Announcement having the effect of actual enactment: announced rate used
- Graduated rates: average rate expected over the reversal periods
- No discounting of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Expected manner of recovery
AnalysisIAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51C
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use)
Number
Rate applicable to use (%)
Number
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale)
Number
Rate applicable to sale (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Tax consequences of the manner expected, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount
- Rate and tax base consistent with the manner of use or sale
- Revalued non-depreciable asset (IAS 16): consequences of recovery through sale
- Investment property at fair value (IAS 40): rebuttable presumption of recovery through sale
- Presumption rebutted: depreciable property held to consume substantially all its benefits over time
Allocation: profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity
AnalysisIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §23IAS 12 §57IAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §62IAS 12 §62AIAS 12 §63IAS 12
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Tax effects recognised consistently with the transaction or event itself
- Change without a change in the differences (rate, recoverability, manner of recovery): in profit or loss, except the portion relating to items previously outside profit or loss
- Tax in profit or loss, except for a transaction recognised outside profit or loss or a business combination
- Tax relating to an item outside profit or loss, in the same or a different period: same allocation as the item
- Revaluation of property, plant and equipment: item of other comprehensive income
- Items directly in equity: retrospective opening adjustment, equity component of a compound instrument
- Portion outside profit or loss difficult to determine (rate change on items previously outside profit or loss)
- Tax revaluation linked to an accounting revaluation: tax effect in other comprehensive income
Dividends
AnalysisIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §65A
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount)
Number
Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Number
Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Rate depending on distribution: current and deferred tax measured at the rate on undistributed profits
- Tax consequences recognised when the dividend payable is recognised
- Allocation according to where the transactions that generated the distributed profits were recognised
- Withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders: charged to equity as part of the dividend
Change in tax status
AnalysisSIC 25 §1SIC 25 §2SIC 25 §4
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status
Number
Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Change in the status of the entity or its shareholders (listing, restructuring, transfer)
- Possible immediate effect on current tax; deferred tax changed according to the tax consequences of recovery or settlement
- Effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss
Measurement, rate effects and allocation
CalculationsIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §47IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63IAS 12 §65ASIC 25 §4
Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Same teaching assumption as for the decrease: explicit allocation key of the case.
Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Teaching assumption: split in proportion to the differences by origin. The rule (paras. 60 and 61A) requires following the original item; the allocation method in difficult cases (para. 63) is not taught as a rule: the key is an explicit case data.
Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
0
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Calculation
150,000
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
IFRS rule: difference on an asset revalued without tax adjustment (para. 20), tax allocated like the item, here in other comprehensive income (para. 61A). Case data: recognition of the revaluation in other comprehensive income; revalued land is measured on a sale basis (para. 51B).
Revaluation surplus net of tax
Calculation
850,000
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use) ; Rate applicable to use (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale) ; Rate applicable to sale (%)
Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Calculation
0
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use ; Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Case data: rates and bases specific to use and to sale. IFRS rule: rate and base consistent with the expected manner (para. 51A).
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
IFRS rule: effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss (SIC-25 para. 4). Teaching assumption: differences arising in profit or loss; otherwise the effect follows the original item.
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
0
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Additional tax due to the distribution
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Case data: tax regime for distributions and rate difference. Teaching assumption: distributed profits generated by transactions recognised in profit or loss (para. 57A).
Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Net dividend payable to the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Deferred tax expense of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Summary control, with no entry of its own: change in the net liability (liabilities − assets) less the amounts recognised outside profit or loss (para. 58). The entries above detail its causes.
Deferred tax income of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
0
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Journal entries
EntriesRate decrease: reduction of the liability split between profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Rate increase: portion allocated to profit or loss
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Rate increase: portion allocated to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax on the revaluation
Entry
Account Debit Credit Income tax on other comprehensive income 150,000 Deferred tax liability 150,000 Deferred tax liability measured according to the manner of recovery
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Teaching assumption: liability arising in the period, with no opening balance; case data: fair value changes of the property recognised in profit or loss. An item outside profit or loss follows the allocation of the item.
Change in status: increase in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Change in status: decrease in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Tax consequence of the dividend in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Current tax expense ← Additional tax due to the distribution ; Credit Current tax liability ← Additional tax due to the distribution
Dividend declared and withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders
Entry
Debit Retained earnings ← Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Credit Dividends payable ← Net dividend payable to the shareholders ; Credit Withholding tax payable ← Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
IFRS rule: withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders is charged to equity as part of the dividend (para. 65A). Case data: withholding rate.
Rate, manner of recovery and allocation
JudgmentIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51CIAS 12 §57IAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63SIC 25 §4
Status of the rate retained at the reporting date
JudgmentRequired
Enacted rate
Enacted rate / Substantively enacted rate / Announced rate not substantively enacted: old rate kept
Professional judgement: substantive enactment assessed according to the legislative process of the jurisdiction of the case (para. 48).
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
CAPITAL_GAINS_RATE_UNCHANGED
Manner of recovery retained
JudgmentRequired
Recovery through sale
Recovery through use / Recovery through sale / Use then sale (combination) / Sale presumption applied (investment property at fair value) / Sale presumption rebutted
Professional judgement based on the documented intentions and business model; rebuttal of the sale presumption follows the conditions of para. 51C.
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
NON_DEPRECIABLE_REVALUED_ASSET
Allocation of deferred tax
JudgmentRequired
In other comprehensive income
In profit or loss / In other comprehensive income / Directly in equity / Split according to the origin of the differences (explicit allocation key of the case)
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
REVALUATION_RECOGNISED_IN_OCI
Conclusion
ConclusionMeasurement and allocation finalised, deferred tax expense in profit or loss and points submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Financial statement impact
FS impactImpact by caption, derived from the entries above (the Notes line refers to the disclosures)
TableRequired
Items passed on to the note
DisclosureIAS 12 §81IAS 12 §82AIAS 12 §87AIAS 12 §87B
Information prepared
ChecklistRequired
- Tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income
- Explanation of changes in the applicable tax rate compared with the previous period
- Deferred tax recognised in profit or loss, by type of difference
- Tax consequences of dividends proposed or declared before authorisation for issue, not recognised
- Rate depending on distribution: nature of the potential tax consequences, features of the regime and determinable amounts
- Total amount impracticable: readily determinable portions disclosed
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper (verification status shown from the register)
References
Checks and financial statement impact
- The status of the rate is documentedPass
- The manner of recovery is documentedPass
- The allocation is documentedPass
- The decrease is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomeNot evaluated
- The increase is fully split between profit or loss and other comprehensive incomeNot evaluated
- Increase in value = deferred tax + net revaluation surplusPass
- The rate decrease entry balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (profit or loss) balancesNot evaluated
- The rate increase entry (other comprehensive income) balancesNot evaluated
- The revaluation entry balancesPass
- The manner of recovery entry balancesNot evaluated
- The increase entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The decrease entry (status) balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend tax consequence entry balancesNot evaluated
- The dividend and withholding entry balancesNot evaluated
- Assets
- 0
- Liabilities
- 150,000
- Profit or loss
- 0
- OCI
- -150,000
- Equity
- -150,000
Inputs
InputsTaxable entity, differences concerned, origin (profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity) and event of the period
TextRequired
Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Number
Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Number
IFRS rule: rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (para. 47). Case data: the rate. If the rate does not change, enter the same rate as at the beginning.
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base)
Number
Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI)
Table
Input convention: one PROFIT_OR_LOSS row and one OCI row, amounts of the existing differences by origin; their sum equals the existing differences.
Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Choice
Other comprehensive income / Profit or loss
Input convention: choose OCI; the calculation isolates the other comprehensive income portion, the remainder goes to profit or loss.
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period
Number
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period
Number
Deferred tax assets at the end of the period
Number
Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination)
Number
Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Number
Supporting evidence
EvidenceEvidence obtained and referenced (category, document reference)
EvidenceRequired
Deferred tax measurement rate
AnalysisIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12IAS 12 §53
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Rate expected in the period of realisation or settlement, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date
- Announcement having the effect of actual enactment: announced rate used
- Graduated rates: average rate expected over the reversal periods
- No discounting of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Expected manner of recovery
AnalysisIAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51C
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use)
Number
Rate applicable to use (%)
Number
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale)
Number
Rate applicable to sale (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Tax consequences of the manner expected, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount
- Rate and tax base consistent with the manner of use or sale
- Revalued non-depreciable asset (IAS 16): consequences of recovery through sale
- Investment property at fair value (IAS 40): rebuttable presumption of recovery through sale
- Presumption rebutted: depreciable property held to consume substantially all its benefits over time
Allocation: profit or loss, other comprehensive income, equity
AnalysisIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §23IAS 12 §57IAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §62IAS 12 §62AIAS 12 §63IAS 12
Points examined
ChecklistRequired
- Tax effects recognised consistently with the transaction or event itself
- Change without a change in the differences (rate, recoverability, manner of recovery): in profit or loss, except the portion relating to items previously outside profit or loss
- Tax in profit or loss, except for a transaction recognised outside profit or loss or a business combination
- Tax relating to an item outside profit or loss, in the same or a different period: same allocation as the item
- Revaluation of property, plant and equipment: item of other comprehensive income
- Items directly in equity: retrospective opening adjustment, equity component of a compound instrument
- Portion outside profit or loss difficult to determine (rate change on items previously outside profit or loss)
- Tax revaluation linked to an accounting revaluation: tax effect in other comprehensive income
Dividends
AnalysisIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §65A
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount)
Number
Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Number
Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Rate depending on distribution: current and deferred tax measured at the rate on undistributed profits
- Tax consequences recognised when the dividend payable is recognised
- Allocation according to where the transactions that generated the distributed profits were recognised
- Withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders: charged to equity as part of the dividend
Change in tax status
AnalysisSIC 25 §1SIC 25 §2SIC 25 §4
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status
Number
Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Number
Points examined
Checklist
- Change in the status of the entity or its shareholders (listing, restructuring, transfer)
- Possible immediate effect on current tax; deferred tax changed according to the tax consequences of recovery or settlement
- Effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss
Measurement, rate effects and allocation
CalculationsIAS 12 §20IAS 12 §47IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §52AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63IAS 12 §65ASIC 25 §4
Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate used until now for deferred tax (%)
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate
Calculation
Existing taxable differences at the date of the rate change (base) ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change
Calculation
Deferred tax on existing differences at the new rate ; − Deferred tax on existing differences at the old rate
Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Same teaching assumption as for the decrease: explicit allocation key of the case.
Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Calculation
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Split of the existing differences by origin (key: PROFIT_OR_LOSS or OCI) ; Row of the split isolated by the calculation
Teaching assumption: split in proportion to the differences by origin. The rule (paras. 60 and 61A) requires following the original item; the allocation method in difficult cases (para. 63) is not taught as a rule: the key is an explicit case data.
Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss
Calculation
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; − Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
IFRS rule: difference on an asset revalued without tax adjustment (para. 20), tax allocated like the item, here in other comprehensive income (para. 61A). Case data: recognition of the revaluation in other comprehensive income; revalued land is measured on a sale basis (para. 51B).
Revaluation surplus net of tax
Calculation
Increase from a revaluation recognised in other comprehensive income, without tax adjustment ; Rate expected on reversal, enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through use (base for use) ; Rate applicable to use (%)
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Calculation
Difference relating to the portion recovered through sale (base for sale) ; Rate applicable to sale (%)
Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Calculation
Deferred tax on the portion recovered through use ; Deferred tax on the portion recovered through sale
Case data: rates and bases specific to use and to sale. IFRS rule: rate and base consistent with the expected manner (para. 51A).
Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
IFRS rule: effects in profit or loss, except those relating to items previously outside profit or loss (SIC-25 para. 4). Teaching assumption: differences arising in profit or loss; otherwise the effect follows the original item.
Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Calculation
Net deferred tax liability measured under the new status ; − Net deferred tax liability measured under the old status
Additional tax due to the distribution
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Difference between the rate on distributed profits and the rate on undistributed profits (%)
Case data: tax regime for distributions and rate difference. Teaching assumption: distributed profits generated by transactions recognised in profit or loss (para. 57A).
Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Net dividend payable to the shareholders
Calculation
Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Rate of withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders (%)
Deferred tax expense of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Summary control, with no entry of its own: change in the net liability (liabilities − assets) less the amounts recognised outside profit or loss (para. 58). The entries above detail its causes.
Deferred tax income of the period in profit or loss
Calculation
Deferred tax liabilities at the end of the period ; − Deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the period ; − Deferred tax assets at the end of the period ; Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the period ; − Net increase in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss (other comprehensive income, equity, business combination) ; Net decrease in deferred tax liability recognised outside profit or loss
Journal entries
EntriesRate decrease: reduction of the liability split between profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the rate change ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the decrease allocated to other comprehensive income
Rate increase: portion allocated to profit or loss
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to profit or loss
Rate increase: portion allocated to other comprehensive income
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Portion of the increase allocated to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax on the revaluation
Entry
Debit Income tax on other comprehensive income ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income) ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax liability on the revaluation (in other comprehensive income)
Deferred tax liability measured according to the manner of recovery
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Deferred tax according to the expected manner of recovery
Teaching assumption: liability arising in the period, with no opening balance; case data: fair value changes of the property recognised in profit or loss. An item outside profit or loss follows the allocation of the item.
Change in status: increase in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax expense ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax liability ← Increase in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Change in status: decrease in the liability
Entry
Debit Deferred tax liability ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status ; Credit Deferred tax income ← Decrease in deferred tax liability due to the change in status
Tax consequence of the dividend in profit or loss
Entry
Debit Current tax expense ← Additional tax due to the distribution ; Credit Current tax liability ← Additional tax due to the distribution
Dividend declared and withholding tax on behalf of the shareholders
Entry
Debit Retained earnings ← Dividend recognised as a liability (gross amount) ; Credit Dividends payable ← Net dividend payable to the shareholders ; Credit Withholding tax payable ← Withholding tax payable on behalf of the shareholders
IFRS rule: withholding paid on behalf of the shareholders is charged to equity as part of the dividend (para. 65A). Case data: withholding rate.
Rate, manner of recovery and allocation
JudgmentIAS 12 §47IAS 12 §48IAS 12 §51IAS 12 §51AIAS 12 §51BIAS 12 §51CIAS 12 §57IAS 12 §57AIAS 12 §58IAS 12 §60IAS 12 §61AIAS 12 §63SIC 25 §4
Status of the rate retained at the reporting date
JudgmentRequired
Enacted rate / Substantively enacted rate / Announced rate not substantively enacted: old rate kept
Professional judgement: substantive enactment assessed according to the legislative process of the jurisdiction of the case (para. 48).
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
Manner of recovery retained
JudgmentRequired
Recovery through use / Recovery through sale / Use then sale (combination) / Sale presumption applied (investment property at fair value) / Sale presumption rebutted
Professional judgement based on the documented intentions and business model; rebuttal of the sale presumption follows the conditions of para. 51C.
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
Allocation of deferred tax
JudgmentRequired
In profit or loss / In other comprehensive income / Directly in equity / Split according to the origin of the differences (explicit allocation key of the case)
Rationale: facts relied on, analysis, alternative rejected
TextRequired
Conclusion
ConclusionMeasurement and allocation finalised, deferred tax expense in profit or loss and points submitted to the reviewer
ConclusionRequired
Financial statement impact
FS impactImpact by caption, derived from the entries above (the Notes line refers to the disclosures)
TableRequired
Items passed on to the note
DisclosureIAS 12 §81IAS 12 §82AIAS 12 §87AIAS 12 §87B
Information prepared
ChecklistRequired
- Tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income
- Explanation of changes in the applicable tax rate compared with the previous period
- Deferred tax recognised in profit or loss, by type of difference
- Tax consequences of dividends proposed or declared before authorisation for issue, not recognised
- Rate depending on distribution: nature of the potential tax consequences, features of the regime and determinable amounts
- Total amount impracticable: readily determinable portions disclosed
Normative references
ReferencesParagraphs cited in this workpaper (verification status shown from the register)
References